2008-05-21

A Solar City 太陽能城市

 
每週 四 出刊.2008.05.22
 
  
本 期 目 錄 簡介/舊報明細
A Solar City 太陽能城市
原來如此
精解字詞片語
單字小舖
中文翻譯&標準答案
島民的國球
王建民他讓中華民國的國旗不斷在國際間強力放送!
(請開啟附加檔案 ivy20080514拷貝)

文意選填 

A Solar City 太陽能城市


by Lars Berry

A city in China has taken big steps in changing its energy sources.
中國有座城市已大大改變了其所仰賴的能源。

Practically everything around your home that was made in a factory owes its existence to fossil fuels. Unfortunately, cheap, nonrenewable fossil fuels like oil and natural gas are becoming more difficult to find. Much of the _(1)_ supply is found in countries that may or may not want to trade their dwindling resources. These fuels heat many of our homes, fuel cars, and provide energy _(2)_ the industries that produce computers, shoes, clothing, and coffee cups. Therefore, the prospect of a shortage of these fuels is a very _(3)_ one.

So what does a population that depends on the burning of _(4)_ rare fossil fuels do to break this fuel addiction? Alternative energy sources _(5)_ exist. Some cities have worked towards being primarily dependent on solar power. But is this just a fantastic idea, or is it a possible alternative?

Rizhao, a city in Shandong Province of northern mainland China, actually _(6)_ the idea of a solar city. Rizhao has _(7)_ 3 million residents, and 98 percent of inner city houses and 30 percent of outlying homes rely on the sun's energy for their hot water.

Rizhao, whose name means "sunshine," receives an _(8)_ of 270 days of sunlight every year. It's no _(9)_ that Rizhao's mayor decided to make his city dependent on solar energy. By using the simple, cheap solar devices that sit atop almost all of Rizhao's buildings, the city has cut its yearly carbon dioxide emissions _(10)_ about 53,000 tons. Although this solution is really only the tip of the iceberg in terms of energy production, Rizhao seems to be on the way to becoming the world's first solar city.

(A) by (B) do (C) remaining (D) wonder (E) increasingly (F) for (G) average 
(H) approximately (I) worrying (J) lives up to
原來如此 


1. Much of the remaining supply is found in countries that may or may not want to trade their dwindling resources.
理由:
a. 空格前有定冠詞 the,之後有名詞 supply(供應量),得知空格應置入形容詞,以修飾 supply。
b. 選項中為形容詞的有 (C) remaining(剩餘的)、(G) average(平均的)與 (I) worrying(令人擔心的),然僅 (C) 置入後符合語意,故選之。
c. remaining a. 剩餘的

2. These fuels heat many of our homes, fuel cars, and provide energy for the industries that produce computers, shoes, clothing, and coffee cups.
理由:
a. 本空格測試下列固定片語:
provide A for B  提供 A 給 B
= provide B with A
例: The Red Cross provided earthquake victims with blankets, tents, and food.
(紅十字會提供毛毯、帳蓬和食物給地震災民。)
b. 根據上述,故選 (F)。

3. Therefore, the prospect of a shortage of these fuels is a very worrying one.
理由:
a. 空格前有不定冠詞 a 及副詞 very(非常),後為代名詞 one,代替其前的 prospect(前景),可知空格應置入形容詞,以修飾 one。
b. 選項中為形容詞的有 (G) average(平均的)與 (I) worrying(令人擔心的),然僅 (I) 置入後符合語意,故選之。

4. So what does a population that depends on the burning of increasingly rare fossil fuels do to break this fuel addiction?
理由:
a. 空格前有介詞 of,後為形容詞 rare(稀少的)及名詞 fossil fuels(化石燃料),可知空格應置入副詞,以修飾 rare。
b. 選項中為副詞的有 (E) increasingly(日益增加地)與 (H) approximately(大約地),然僅 (E) 置入後符合語意,故為正選。
c. increasingly adv. 日益增加地
注意:
increasingly 即等於 more and more,故之後不可再接比較級形容詞或副詞。
例: It is getting increasingly important to have an email address.
= It is getting more and more important to have an email address.
(擁有電子郵件地址愈來愈重要。)

5. Alternative energy sources do exist.
理由:
a. 本句結構已完整,且空格後為現在式複數動詞或原形動詞 exist(存在),得知此處應置入副詞或可強調動詞的助動詞 do、does 或 did。
b. 選項中僅剩 (H) approximately(大約)為副詞,但置入後語意不通,故不可選。
c. 在肯定句中,可在動詞前依人稱及時態之不同,置助動詞 do、does 或 did,以強調該動詞,do、does 或 did 一般譯為『的確、確實』,此時該動詞一律用原形。
例: He did clean the house yesterday.
(他昨天的確有打掃房子。)
d. 根據上述,可知應選 (B) do。

6. Rizhao, a city in Shandong Province of northern mainland China, actually lives up to the idea of a solar city.
理由:
a. 本句尚缺動詞,根據主詞 Rizhao(日照市)及空格後的受詞 the idea 可知,此處應填入現在式第三人稱及物動詞或片語動詞。
b. 選項中僅 (J) lives up to(符合……)為現在式第三人稱片語及物動詞,置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. live up to...  符合……(期望、想法)等
例: Cedric was saddened by the fact that he didn't live up to his parents' expectations.
(席瑞克很傷心,因為他沒有達到父母的期望。)

7. Rizhao has approximately 3 million residents, and 98 percent of inner city houses and 30 percent of outlying homes rely on the sun's energy for their hot water.
理由:
a. 空格前有動詞 has(有),空格後有名詞詞組 3 million residents(300 百萬名居民),故知空格應置入 (H) approximately(大約),以修飾明確的數字 3 million。
例: There were approximately 30 pencils in the box.
(盒子裡大約有 30 枝鉛筆。)
b. 根據上述,故選 (H)。

8. Rizhao, whose name means "sunshine," receives an average of 270 days of sunlight every year.
理由:
a. 空格前為不定冠詞 an,後為介詞 of,得知空格應置入母音開頭的名詞。
b. 符合上述條件的僅有 (G) average(平均數),且置入後形成下列固定用法:
an average of + 數字  平均……
例: Getting a college degree takes an average of four years.
(取得大學學位平均需花四年時間。)
c. 根據上述,故選 (G)。

9. It's no wonder that Rizhao's mayor decided to make his city dependent on solar energy.
理由:
a. 本空格測試下列固定句型:
It is no wonder + that 子句  難怪……
= No wonder + S + V
例: It is no wonder that such a naughty boy was punished.
(這麼頑皮的孩子難怪會受到處罰。)
b. 根據上述,故選 (D)。

10. By using the simple, cheap solar devices that sit atop almost all of Rizhao's buildings, the city has cut its yearly carbon dioxide emissions by about 53,000 tons.
理由:
a. 本空格測試下列固定用法:
cut sth by...  
價錢/時間等縮減……(幅度)
注意:
此處的介詞 by 表 『以……差距』之意。
例: The big record company is going to cut its workforce by 25%.
(那家大唱片公司將裁撤四分之一的員工。)
b. 根據上述,故選 (A)。
精解字詞片語 


1. practically adv. 幾乎
注意:
practically 和 almost 通常用來修飾涵蓋性完全的詞類,共計有四個:every、no、all、any。
例: Almost every school in this city has a swimming pool.
(這座城市幾乎每一所學校都有游泳池。)

2. owe...to...  把……歸功於……
= attribute...to...
例: She told us that she owes everything to hard work and determination.
(她告訴我們她一切的成就都要歸功於勤奮和果決。)

3. dwindle vi. 減少
* 本文為現在分詞作形容詞用。
例: Our supplies of food are dwindling, so let's go to the store.
(因為糧食越來越少,我們去趟商店吧。)

4. depend on...  依賴……
= rely on...
例: When we live at home, we depend on our parents. When we live away from home, we rely on our friends.
(在家靠父母,出外靠朋友。)

5. be dependent on...  依賴……
dependent a. 依賴的
例: Though almost 30, John is very dependent on his parents.
(約翰雖然快 30 歲了,卻仍很依賴父母。)

6. the tip of the iceberg  
冰山的一角;喻:事情的一小部分
例: Unfortunately, that problem is just the tip of the iceberg.
(不幸的是,那個問題只是冰山一角而已。)

7. in terms of...  就……而言
例: In terms of service, that hotel is excellent.
(就服務而言,那家旅館非常棒。)

8. on the way to + V-ing/N  即將(完成)……
on the way to + 地方  前往某地的途中
例: The patient is finally on the way to recovery.
(那名病患終於快要康復了。)
例: On the way to school, it occurred to Tom that it was Sunday.
(去學校途中,湯姆突然想到今天是禮拜天。)
單字小舖 


1. solar a. 太陽的
  lunar a. 月球的
2. existence n. 存在
3. fossil fuel n. 化石燃料(如石油、煤、天然氣等)
4. nonrenewable a.(能源)無法再生的  renewable a.(能源)可再生的
5. supply n. 供應(量)
6. trade vt. 從事交易,做買賣
7. fuel vt. 供給燃料
8. prospect n. 前景;可能性
9. shortage n. 短缺,不足
10. population n. 人口
11. rare a. 稀有的
12. addiction n. 沉溺
13. alternative a. 替代的 & n. 選擇  alternative energy  替代能源
14. exist vi. 存在
15. primarily adv. 主要地
16. province n. 省,州
17. resident n. 居民
18. outlying a. 偏遠的
19. device n. 設備,儀器
20. atop prep. 在……上面
21. carbon dioxide n. 二氧化碳
22. emission n. 排放(物)
中文翻譯&標準答案 


你家中幾乎所有工廠生產的東西都得歸功於化石燃料。不幸的是,便宜且無法永續使用的石油、天然氣等化石燃料越來越難尋得。許多碩果僅存的供應量都產在那些因資源日益減少而不見得願意買賣的國家中。這些燃料為我們的家帶來溫暖、發動汽車,也為製造電腦、鞋子、衣服和咖啡杯的產業提供能源。因此,缺少這些燃料的未來著實令人堪憂。
  
化石燃料日益減少,那麼仰賴燃燒這些燃料的人口,又該怎麼做才能戒除對它們的依賴呢?替代性能源確實存在。有些城市努力朝向依賴太陽能為其主要能源。但是,這會不會只是個不切實際的想法,或者是一個可能的選擇呢?
  
中國北部山東省的日照市確實落實太陽能城市的想法。日照市有將近 300 萬居民,98% 的都市家庭與 30% 的偏遠地區家庭都仰賴太陽能供應熱水。
  
日照意指『陽光』,而日照市每年平均有 270 天艷陽高照。難怪日照市市長決定讓全市依靠太陽能。市內幾乎家家戶戶的屋頂上都裝置既簡單又便宜的太陽能裝置,使全市每年的二氧化碳排放量已減少約 5 萬 3 千噸。雖然就能源產量而言,這個解決方法只是冰山一角,但日照市似乎正邁向成為全球首座太陽能城市。

標準答案: 1. (C) 2. (F) 3. (I) 4. (E) 5. (B) 6. (J) 7. (H) 8. (G) 9. (D) 10. (A)
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